pet-2, petǝ- : ptē-, ptō- (Gk. ptā-)

    pet-2, petǝ- : ptē-, ptō- (Gk. ptā-)

    English meaning: to fall; to fly

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “auf etwas los- or niederstũrzen, fliegen, fallen”

    Material: O.Ind. pátati “flies, wirft sich, fällt” (= πέτομαι, Lat. petō, O.Welsh hedaṅt), Aor. apaptat; petǝ- in Fut. patiṣyati, Supin. pátitum, participle patitá-); patáyati “flies” (= Gk. ποτέομαι), pütá yati “läßt fliegen, schleudert, läßt fall” (lengthened grade as püta- m. “Flug, fall, Sturz”, Gk. πωτάομαι “flattre”), pra-pat- “hineilen, fall”, pátman- n. “Flug, Pfad, pathway” (: πότμος, ποταμός); Av. pataiti “flies, hurries “, ap. ud-apatatü “erhob sich”, Av. patayeiti “flies”, acapastōiš Inf. “hinabzufallen”, paitipasti- f. “Entgegengehen, -treten” (compare O.Ind. ati-patti- “Zeitablauf”), from an u-present parapaϑwant- “fortfliegend (of Pfeil)”; Av. tüta- (*ptütá -), “fallend (of rain”: Gk. πτωτός ds.); Arm. t”ṙč̣im “I fliege” (*pter-i-skō). Gk. Hom. πέτομαι “fliege” (ἐπτόμην); otherwise also πέταμαι, ἔπτατο “entflog”, πτά̄ς, ἔπτην, Dor. ἔπτᾱν, Fut. πτήσομαι; ὠκυπέτης “quick, fast fliegend”, πετεηνός, (*πετεσᾱνός), πετεινός (*πετεσνός) “geflũgelt, flũgge”, ποτή “Flug”, ποτᾱνός, -ηνός “zum Fliegen befähigt, beflũgelt, fliegend”, ποτάομαι (and ποτέομαι, see above) “flattre”, πωτάομαι ds., πτῆσις, by Suidas πτῆμα “Flug”, πτηνός, Dor. πτᾱνός “fliegend”; stem πετα-, πτᾱ- “fly”, but πετε-, πτη-, πτω- with the meaning “fall”: πί:-πτω (for *πῐ-πτω after ῥί̄πτω) “fall”; perf. πέπτωκα, participle πεπτηώς, Att. πεπτώς from *πεπτᾱώς; ἀπτώς(Pind.), ἀπτής (Dor. inschr.) “not fallend, nicht dem Falle ausgesetzt”; πίτνω “fall”, εὐ- πετής “bequem, gũnstig”, προ-πετής “vorwärts fallend, geneigt” (: O.Ind. pra-pat-), πέσος n.(gen. πέσεος from *πέτεος) “cadaver”, πότμος “lot, fate, fate, destiny, esp. trauriges”, ποταμός “river”, eig. “Wassersturz”; πτῶμα, πτῶσις “fall” (: πέπτωκα); πτωτός “fallend”; with the meaning-färbung of Lat. petere: Gk. πίτυλος “ intense movement” (: Lat. petulans; compare also ἐμπεσεῖν “impetum facere”); finally hat πτᾱ- : πτω- : πτα- also die probably from “niederstũrzen” development meaning ‘sich niederducken” and “verzagt, in fear sein”: κατα-πτήτην “(die Pferde) scheuten”, πεπτηώς “geduckt”, πτοίᾱ “ fear, shyness, fright” (*πτωFιᾱ, compare Λητώ Πτῴα, ᾽Απόλλων Πτῴος), πτο(ι)εῖν “frighten, in Bestũrzung versetzen”, pass. “from Schrecken ergriffen become”; with gutt. extension πτήσσω (*πτᾱκ-ι̯ω) “ducke mich” (Aor. ἔπτηξα, Dor. ἔπτακα also trans. “frighten”; κατα-πτᾰκών), πτωσκάζω “ducke mich timorous, flee”, πτώσσω (*πτώκσκι̯ω) ds.; πτώξ, -κός ‘shy, fleeting “ (m. “hare”), ablaut. πτάξ m. f. “ wimp “, gen. πτακός; πτωχός “ beggar”; to letzteren, as it seems, also Arm.t”ak”č̣im, t”ak”eay ‘sich conceal”; Lat. petō, -ere, -īvī, ītum “auf etwas losgehen, to erlangen suchen, long, want” (petī-tor, - tio, also probably petīgo “ mange; scabies “ as “Befall”); petulans “aggressiv, pert, bratty, ausgelassen”, petulcus ‘stoßend” (from *petulus, compare to l-forms Gk. πίτυλος), impetus “assault, attack”, praepes “in Fluge vorauseilend; quick, fast”; O.Welsh hedant “volant”, Welsh eh-edeg “das Fliegen”; eh-edydd m. “Lerche”; Ltv. pētî t “desire have, nachforschen”. r- and n-formations: 1. with dem g-forms O.Ind. pataṁgá- “fliegend, bird”, pataga- “bird” (*petn̥-go-s; from den Indern as “in Fluge going” umgedeutet); Av. fraptǝrǝjüt- (-jant-) “bird”; Gk. πτέρυξ, -υγος “Flũgel” (compare O.Ind. patáru-); das Denom. πτερύσσομαι “hit with den Flũgeln” after αἰθύσσω ‘shake”; O.H.G. fed(e)rah “Flũgel”, anfrk. fetheracco “alarum” (-a-cthrough influence of O.H.G. fedara-, anfrk. fethera); 2. O.Ind. páttra-, páta-tra- n. “wing, feather “, patará-, patáru- “fliegend”, Av. patarǝta- “fliegend”; Arm. t”ir “Flug”, t”iteṙn “ butterfly” (redupl.), t”ert” “leaf, foliage” (*pter-); Gk. πτερόν “ feather, Flũgel”; πτέρις “Farn”; Lat. acci-piter, -pitris “ hawk, falcon” (to 1. part see under *ōku- “quick, fast”); penna “ feather, Flũgel” (*petnü ); aLat. pesna from *pets-nü; pinna is probably dial. form for penna; pro(p)tervus “ boisterous vordringend, cheeky “ (*pro-pteru-o-); Maybe Alb. (*penna) pendë “feather” [common Alb. n > nd shift]. O.Welsh eterin “bird”, pl. atar, Welsh aderyn, adar ds. (a secondary from e); O.Ir. ēn “bird” (*petno-), Welsh edn, O.Corn. hethen ds., O.Bret. etn-coilhaam “hold Vogelschau”, M.Bret. ezn, Bret. evn, ein “bird”, O.Welsh atan (*peteno-), Welsh adain “Flũgel, Arm” (*peten-), Bret. (h)adan “ nightingale “, with secondary a, as Welsh adaf “Flũgel, hand” (*petemü); O.Bret. attanoc “volitans”; M.Ir. ette, Ir. eite “Fittich” (from *pet-enti̯ü), M.Ir. ethait “bird” = O.Ind. pátanti “fliegend” (*pet-ontī); M.Ir. eithre n. “tail” (*peteri̯o-);

    Note: Common Arm. ph- > h-, zero phonetic mutation, spread in Sanskrit and Celtic ANATOLIAN Hittite pata- “foot” WEST EUROPEAN Latin pe:s, pedis “foot, of foot” Old Irish “water” Tocharian A päts “foot” SOUTH EUROPEAN Greek poús, podós “foot, of foot” Armenian otn, otk” “foot, feet” Sanskrit á:ts “foot”, pá:dam (accusative case) Avestan pad- “foot” O.H.G. fedara, anfrk. fethera, O.E. feðer, O.Ice. fjǫdr f. “ feather “ (*pétrü); O.H.G. fettüh, M.H.G. vittich, M.L.G. vit(te)k, Ger. Fittich; Hitt. pattar n., gen. pl. paddanaš “Flũgel”. *ptē̆ i-, pti-: Gk. πταίω ‘stoße an etwas (intr.), strauchle, irre, have whereas misfortune” (πταίσω, ἔπταισμαι, ἐπταίσθην), rare tr. “bump, poke, umstũrzen”, πταῖσμα “damage, loss, misfortune, Niederlage”, ἰθυπτί̄ων “geradaus fliegend” (probably eig. “geradaus treffend = stoßend, aufschlagend”), πτίλον “ feather, Flaumfeder”.

    References: WP. II 19 ff., WH. II 282 f., 297 f.